Experts in second-hand smoke is air purifiers are good
Smoking has become the patent of most men, like a habit, no matter where you have time, you want to smoke one. And we all know that smoking is harmful to health, but we must tell you that second-hand smoke is more harmful. Second-hand smoke, also known as passive smoking and environmental tobacco smoke, refers to a mixture of smoke released by the burning end of cigarettes or other tobacco products and smoked by smokers. It is also the most widespread and serious indoor air pollution, and it is the leading cause of death worldwide. Studies have pointed out that second-hand smoke has more than 4,000 kinds of harmful chemicals and dozens of carcinogens such as tar, ammonia, nicotine, aerosols, PM2.5, and strontium-210.
Especially those who have smoked for a long time, people who have not quit smoking, or people who have become accustomed to smoking. Whether you are at home or at work, you can smoke without moving. The smoke in the house or office is full of smoke, as if in the fairy world. Second-hand smoke in a full house, whether it is your family, a colleague, or your own second-hand smoke, is more harmful to your health. Second-hand smoke is no less harmful to passive smokers than active smokers, especially for children and young people. According to the survey, in China, the main victims of passive smoking are women and children. Although they do not smoke themselves, they often suffer second-hand smoke from others in their homes and public places.
One experiment: in a smoking room of 120 square meters, 6 people smoked. In 30 minutes, the average concentration of PM2.5 in the smoking room was 737.62 micrograms per cubic meter, which was 67 times higher than that of the national air quality standard. A safety value that goes far beyond human health. This experiment proves that if someone smokes indoors, even if they use ventilation or set up any type of smoking area indoors, they can’t reach the requirement of full smoke-free. Second-hand smoke does not have the so-called ‘safe exposure’ level.
So, you smoked yourself and don’t go to harm your family. Recognize the dangers of second-hand smoke from family members? The air purifier is a good choice for you, of course, the general air purifier may not achieve the purification effect. OLANSI K09A air purifiers use multiple filters and a variety of purifier technologies, including pre-filter, HEPA filter, activated carbon filter and UV sterilization technology, negative ion purification technology, etc., in the role of multiple filters and various purification technologies Under the air, the dirty air in the room can be cleaned and cleaned by the air purifier. Maintaining a healthy family air purifier is a good partner for your smoking.
Olansi Healthcare Industry portable air purifier is willing to work with more families to further study and manage family indoor issues and contribute to more family health.
If you are interested in this, please contact us for more products and preferential prices Helen: +86 13922346046 info@olansiglobal.com https://www.olansiglobal.com
Second-hand smoke is equal to chronic suicide. How to do air purification?
According to the latest report of the World Health Organization, nearly two-thirds of women of childbearing age in China passively smoke second-hand smoke at home, and more than half of them are exposed to second-hand smoke in the workplace. Experiments have shown that the concentration of PM2.5 produced in a sealed space of 35 square meters exceeds 30 times the normal value. The micro-particles originating from second-hand smoke account for about 90% of the total indoor PM2.5. As long as you can smell the smoke in the room, PM2.5 has already exceeded the standard by at least double. The global death of 24 million people each year is closely related to indoor PM2.5.
Studies have shown that secondhand smoke can lead to adult lung cancer, coronary heart disease, childhood asthma, sudden infant death syndrome. It can also cause many diseases such as adult stroke, childhood brain cancer and lymphoma. Passive smoking can increase the risk of lung cancer by about 20% and the risk of coronary heart disease by about 30%.
For everyone’s health, or hope that everyone smoke less, in order to reduce the harm of second-hand smoke from the source! However, for old smokers, quitting smoking has never been easy. Even American writer Mark Twain said: ‘It is easy to quit smoking. I have already quit a thousand times!’
What should I do if I can’t stop smoking and I don’t want my family to be harmed by second-hand smoke?
Planting green plants
Can plant some potted plants to absorb second-hand smoke to reduce the damage of nicotine to the human body! Such as: Ivy, rich coconut, cyclamen, evergreen and so on.
Use air purifier
If you have a husband or elder who loves smoking at home, you can put an air purifier at home to purify harmful smoke and dirty air inside the room. Note that when selecting an air purifier, you should choose a purifier produced by a regular manufacturer. Inferior products not only have a poor purification effect, but also release harmful gases.
Olansi Healthcare Industry portable air purifier is willing to work with more families to further study and manage family indoor issues and contribute to more family health.
If you are interested in this, please contact us for more products and preferential prices Helen: +86 13922346046 info@olansiglobal.com
The air quality of the smog is declining. When you go out for a long time, there will always be various conditions, such as coughing, dry itching of the scorpion, itchy nose and so on. These symptoms can be said to be frequent visitors to the fog, how can we easily deal with it?
1.Dry throat itching
The oral throat is the first point of the respiratory system and the first to be injured in the haze. When the scorpion is dry and itchy, you can eat some throat tablets, especially the throat tablets containing mint. It has the effect of contracting the oral mucosal blood vessels, reducing inflammation and edema and pain. It can relieve the symptoms of dry throat and itching. Eat more, oral mucosal blood vessels often shrink, easy to cause dry damage, the formation of oral ulcers.
In addition, drink plenty of water, eat more moisturizing foods, avoid spicy foods, and drink tea, chrysanthemum tea, etc., which can help the lungs and nourish the stomach. If the symptoms of dry itching of the throat are more urgent, you can drink Kudingcha to help. Add some honey to the usual bitter tea, honey can detoxify and relieve pain, bitter can moisturize the mouth, and produce a cool feeling, to achieve analgesic effect, so the bitter honey water in the throat, can play a good moisturizing The role of the throat.
2.Cough
Particulate matter in the smog can irritate the throat and cause symptoms of coughing. Although coughing must be caused by smog, smog can increase cough and increase the probability of upper respiratory tract infection. General mild cough does not require going to the hospital to take medicine, not to abuse cough medicine, which may be counterproductive, increase respiratory infections, and even cause pneumonia. You can use the diet to relieve the regulations, drink plenty of water and eat some foods that are nourishing yin and spleen, such as lily, white fungus, honey, pear, these foods have the effect of moistening and relieving cough, but also very delicious.
However, if the cough is more than one week, and the seizures are frequent, symptoms such as sore throat, hoarseness, chest pain, etc., it is best to use the medicine in time to avoid the symptoms worse.
3.Nasal itching and dry nose
The smog contains a lot of harmful substances, which will directly damage the nasal tissue, causing allergic rhinitis or chronic rhinitis. When you are out in the haze, be sure to bring a N95 mask. Wash your face and wash your hands in time. If you feel that your nose is dry and uncomfortable, you can use a towel or a cotton swab to wash the nasal cavity with warm water. The movement should be lighter to avoid damage to the nasal mucosa. You can also use a steaming water to smoke your nose or wash your nose with light salt water. When you need to pay attention, the nose should not be dug when it is dry and it will damage the nasal mucosa and cause inflammation. At the same time, patients with allergic rhinitis should not use vasoconstrictor nasal drops too much.
If the nose is dry and there is no bleeding, you can eat the food such as lotus root, Rhizoma Imperata, persimmon and other fruits and vegetables to cool the blood, and you can also promote the blood circulation by massage the nose corresponding to the Yingxiang point, which is the sides of the nose. Improve symptoms. If possible, a humidifier can be placed in the office or at home to increase the humidity in the air.
4.Dry eyes, tears
In the smoggy weather, a large amount of particulate matter is suspended in the air. When these particles enter the eye, it will cause dry eyes and foreign body sensation. The more severe the smog, the more particles in the air, the greater the impact on the eyes, which can cause damage to the eyes, causing keratitis or conjunctivitis.
The most obvious eye disease caused by smog is dry eye syndrome. Lighter can relieve eye discomfort by reducing eye fatigue and blinking. In severe cases, artificial teardrops should be used under the guidance of a doctor. Do not buy eye drops yourself. The ingredients of smog are very complicated. It is easy to delay treatment or even aggravate the condition.
When your eyes are dry, you can eat a variety of fruits, especially citrus fruits. You should also eat green vegetables, cereals, fish and eggs. It can also be used with some eye-protecting teas such as scented tea, chrysanthemum tea and so on.
At the same time, you should also maintain good personal hygiene habits. If you go out and wash your face, don’t rub your eyes with your hands. Don’t share personal items such as towels with others. If you accidentally contract with pink eye, don’t panic, you should seek medical advice promptly, and use medication according to your doctor’s advice to prevent eye complications.
5.Skin allergies
When people are exercising outdoors in the haze, the dust of PM2.5, which is highly distributed in the air, will fall on the surface of the skin, causing the metabolic cycle of the skin to be affected, which may cause sebaceous glands and sweat glands to block, resulting in more obvious blackhead pores and even dermatitis. , acne, folliculitis and other skin diseases, and for people with sensitive skin, some heavy metal particles and chemical particles in the haze weather increase skin itching and even skin allergies!
If you want to avoid the damage caused by smog on the skin, you must first protect yourself from the exposed skin. You can use a sunscreen cream to isolate the skin from harmful substances in the atmosphere. Next, go home and clean the skin with a mild cleansing product, but don’t over-clean it to avoid thinning the stratum corneum and weakening the resistance to external stimuli.In addition, you can install an air purifier to absorb other harmful substances and protect your health.
Olansi Healthcare Industry portable air purifier is willing to work with more families to further study and manage family indoor issues and contribute to more family health.
If you are interested in this, please contact us for more products and preferential prices Helen: +86 13922346046 info@olansiglobal.com https://www.olansiglobal.com
What time period and what season is the highest concentration of PM2.5?
The PM2.5 concentration level is affected by pollution source discharge and meteorological conditions, and there are obvious seasonal and time-course changes. The overall trend is generally high in autumn and winter, low in summer, high in morning and evening, and low in the afternoon.
The PM2.5 concentration level is affected by pollution source discharge and meteorological conditions, and there are obvious seasonal and time-course changes. Although the north and south are different in terms of humidity, temperature and seasonal variation, there will be differences in specific values, but the overall trend is roughly the same, showing high in autumn and winter, low in summer, high in morning and evening, and low in afternoon.
What time period is the highest density in a day?
In addition to the special weather, the PM2.5 concentration in the morning and evening is generally high, and the lowest in the afternoon. Generally speaking, every day from 8:00 to 10:00, from 6:00 to 8:00 in the afternoon, this is the peak of daily commute, and the amount of exhaust emissions from cars is large, which is the PM2.5 value in the air during these two periods. One of the highest reasons.
In addition, it depends on the weather and diffusion conditions of the day. Inversion is key in it. What is inversion? Under normal circumstances, the temperature decreases with the elevation, the lower air is hotter, the upper air is colder, the cold air sinks heavily, and the hot air floats up, forming convection. However, at certain times, such as autumn and winter nights, because the ground temperature drops sharply, the temperature of the lower atmosphere close to the ground is very low, and the upper air is not cooled as fast, but the temperature is higher than the lower layer, and the phenomenon of ‘reversal of temperature’ occurs. Once the inversion layer of the cold and hot is formed, the air cannot convect up and down, and the pollutants are difficult to diffuse.
Inversion temperatures generally occur at night and in the morning. As the sun rises, the ground temperature gradually rises, the inversion layer is broken, the pollutants begin to spread, and the night begins after the night. Therefore, the concentration of particulate matter in the middle of the night near the ground layer is generally higher than that in the first half of the night. Between 21:00 and 23:00, it is also affected by the warming layer, which is also a period of high concentration. And the low value of PM2.5 in the day often appears in the afternoon, because the temperature condition at this time is not easy to form the inversion layer.
What is the highest concentration in the season?
Some experts from the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences and the China Meteorological Administration have analyzed the composition characteristics and source of PM2.5 in Beijing. The results show that the concentration of PM2.5 is affected by different seasonal pollution sources such as emissions, precipitation, wind speed and other atmospheric diffusion conditions. High in winter and low in summer. The highest monthly concentration appeared in November, December and January in the autumn and winter, and the low values appeared in July and August in summer.
What weather has the biggest impact?
Haze weather, autumn rainy days. Peng Yingdeng, director of the Institute of Atmospheric Research at the Beijing Municipal Academy of Environmental Sciences, said that gaseous pollutants such as dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the air are easily converted into secondary particles under specific meteorological conditions such as haze and sky, resulting in PM2.5. increase. Compared with the heavy rain in summer, the rain in autumn is much shorter, the wind speed and wind are smaller, and the effect of airborne pollutants is not obvious, which can only increase the humidity of the air. The damp air ‘puts on’ a layer of ‘water jacket’ for suspended pollutants, which is more likely to cause accumulation of pollutants. In addition, when it rains or rains or snow, the air quality can not be improved immediately; the windless weather without wind and rain will also cause more serious pollution caused by cold air.
Olansi Healthcare Industry portable air purifier is willing to work with more families to further study and manage family indoor issues and contribute to more family health.
If you are interested in this, please contact us for more products and preferential prices Helen: +86 13922346046 info@olansiglobal.com https://www.olansiglobal.com
In the smog, don’t think that the indoor air is cleaner than the outside
Now that it has entered a period of high incidence of smog, people began to experience the pain of breathing. Many people think that the indoor air in the haze is much better than the outdoor. As long as the doors and windows are closed and the house is at home, it can prevent smog. Is that really the case?
1.Is the indoor air better than the outdoor in the fog?
Engineers from the China Academy of Building Research have found through many field measurements that the concentration of PM2.5 in the room is not necessarily lower than that of the outside, due to factors such as smoking and cooking. The measurement found that in the case of no window opening, no smoking or cooking, the concentration of indoor PM2.5 is generally about 30% to 40% lower than the outdoor concentration. For example, if the outdoor is about 500, the indoor temperature is usually about 300-350. Another set of test data shows that some household indoor PM2.5 concentration values are higher than outdoor. One of the households found that the outdoor PM2.5 concentration was 230 μg/m3 and the indoors reached 474 μg/m3 when the door was closed for several days. Therefore, it cannot be said simply that the indoor air in the haze is necessarily better than the outdoor.
2.The source of indoor air pollution
Indoor PM2.5 is affected by many factors. Previously, they also monitored some public places, and the PM2.5 concentration inside was even higher than that of the outdoor. This was caused by many factors. Hou Li’an, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that the source of indoor PM2.5 is mainly from outdoor pollution sources and indoor pollution sources.
Source 1: Outdoor
When the fog is severe, the window opening is not properly ventilated, and the indoor PM2.5 concentration will rise rapidly. At the same time, in the case of closing the doors and windows, it does not mean that the air flow is isolated. The tiny PM2.5 particles can still run into the house. At the same time, people will carry a variety of fine particles and microorganisms when they go out to their homes.
Source 2: Indoor
In fact, daily activities such as gas burning, kitchen fume, indoor smoking, air conditioning heating, furniture decoration, etc. will bring PM2.5 to the interior. Because the indoor space is small, the probability of producing PM2.5 in a closed room is more obvious than that in the outdoor, so the home is not necessarily absolutely safe at home.
3.How to purify indoor air
In the face of the ‘ten crouching’ environment, how should we properly clean indoor air, effectively suppress indoor PM2.5 pollution, and create a healthy and healthy indoor environment.
1)Properly open the window ventilation
If the fog does not open the window, it can reduce the intrusion of PM2.5. However, long-term indoor ventilation will cause the concentration of carbon dioxide and other exhaust gases to slowly exceed the standard, and the content of microorganisms and bacteria will increase, even more than outdoor air. Not enough, people will feel poor breathing. Therefore, smog days also need to open windows for a short time. The staff of the provincial environmental monitoring station suggested that when the outdoor air pollution is not very serious, avoid the traffic peaks and winds caused by morning and evening. When dust is raised, under the static wind conditions, you can open the window twice a day for 20-40 minutes. If you encounter continuous pollution, you can hang a wet towel near the screen window when ventilation, which can filter and absorb. effect.
2) Raising green plants
Some experts suggest that when outdoor air pollution is serious, you can plant more green plants with relatively strong adsorption capacity on balconies, terraces, indoors, and try to select large leaf plants. Because of the large leaf area and many pores, it can not only adsorb PM2. 5, can also increase the oxygen content of the air. Such as green radish, evergreen, tiger skin, ivy and so on. Since the surface of the plant contains a layer of adsorptive mucus, this mucus has a strong adsorption function for tiny particles. At the same time, plants can also adsorb a small amount of PM2.5 during photosynthesis. Therefore, using natural means such as green plants to help slow indoor PM2.5 pollution is both effective and trouble-free, and can add a green color to the home.
3)Less smoking
Cigarettes, cigars and pipes produce a lot of fine particles in the PM2.5 category when incompletely burned. Tobacco smoke contains more than 7,000 compounds, including 69 carcinogens and 172 harmful substances, which can seriously harm the smoker itself. And the physical health of the inhaled ‘secondhand smoke’ audience is even worse in the ashes. Therefore, smokers should smoke as little as possible, whether they are going out or staying indoors.
A good air purifier has a good adsorption effect on PM2.5 and can play a certain purification role. The core of the air purifier is the filter. If you want to filter PM2.5 particles, the best internationally recognized HEPA high-efficiency filtration technology can effectively suppress allergens in the air, such as dust, pollen, germs, second-hand smoke, dust. Such as small particles, the purification rate for particles of 0.3 microns is 99.97%. If it is used to filter cigarettes, the effect of filtration can be almost 100%, because the size of the particles in the cigarette is between 0.5 and 2 microns, and the membrane cannot pass through the HEPA filter. For the purchase of air purifiers, please click here to view the product content of our station.
5)Light diet, soot filtration and discharge
Cooking fumes also have a small contribution to PM2.5. Cooking, frying, frying, roasting, etc. will cause indoor PM2.5 to soar, so when cooking, replace with cold, steamed, boiled, marinated, etc. It is possible to control the oil temperature not to exceed 200 °C.
When selecting a range hood, the inner row hood should be considered more, because the hood type hood only discharges the exhaust gas directly to the outside after a simple soot separation, which is very harmful to the collective environment. The inner-row hood also uses a filter to absorb harmful gases after the soot is separated, and then discharges the purified gas. At the same time, the range hood should be opened early and closed, and the kitchen window should be ventilated.
6)Do indoor cleaning and personal hygiene
Wipe the tables and chairs with water in the house and mop the floor, because the humid air helps to reduce dust and fine particles floating in the air. In addition, the use of a humidifier, the placement of towels on the heater, the cleaning of sheets, pillows, etc. with a wet towel are all desirable methods of absorbing fine dust. In addition, use air fresheners or cleaning products as little as possible, including aldehydes, benzenes and other pollutants.
After going out to the room, you should wash your face, rinse your mouth, clean your nose, and remove the contaminated residue attached to your body. This will minimize the adverse effects of smog on health. It is best to use warm water when washing your face, which is good for washing off the particles on your face. When cleaning the nasal cavity, you can use a clean cotton swab to wash the water repeatedly, or repeatedly use the nose to gently absorb water and quickly rub your nose, while avoiding coughing. In addition to facial cleansing, the exposed parts of the body are also cleaned.
7)Replace the closed door and window
Under the influence of outdoor bad weather, tiny particles will enter the room through poorly sealed doors and windows, which is an important way to generate indoor PM2.5. The use of more airtight doors and windows is conducive to the reduction of indoor pollution values. Therefore, when replacing the doors and windows, it is necessary to choose a good airtightness, and the sound insulation and dust can be obtained in one fell swoop. The sliding window is more airtight than the casement window. When replacing, try to choose the casement window.
Olansi Healthcare Industry portable air purifier is willing to work with more families to further study and manage family indoor issues and contribute to more family health.
If you are interested in this, please contact us for more products and preferential prices Helen: +86 13922346046 info@olansiglobal.com https://www.olansiglobal.com
With the frequent smog and PM2.5 vocabulary in the network and media reports, I believe many people are no strangers to PM2.5, but how much do you know about the real harm of PM2.5? In addition to knowing that it can cause respiratory diseases such as cough and asthma, do you know that it may even damage the reproductive system and affect fetal development?
1.The respiratory system
As we all know, PM2.5 is the most direct and most influential to the human body. The fine particles below PM2.5, the nose and throat of the human body can not stop, they can go down all the way into the bronchioles, alveoli, and then enter the capillaries through the alveolar wall, and then enter the entire blood circulation system.
PM2.5 is like a carrier that carries many harmful substances such as bacteria, carcinogens, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and so on. A large amount of particulate matter enters the lungs and has a clogging effect on local tissues, which can reduce the ventilation of local bronchus. We can imagine that the sand in the eyes and the eyes will be inflamed. Deep in the respiratory system is also a sensitive environment. Fine particulate matter stays in the respiratory system as a foreign body for a long time, which also causes inflammation of the respiratory system. Causes cough, difficulty breathing, rhinitis, rhinitis, exacerbation of asthma, and chronic bronchitis.
2.Cardiovascular system
PM2.5 enters the lungs through the respiratory system, and the lungs are blocked by PM2.5 particles. The function of exchanging oxygen with the pulmonary capillaries is reduced, and blood oxygen exchange is insufficient. The reduction of oxygen in the blood will cause a series of adaptive changes in the human body. Two prominent points, one is to ensure the oxygen supply of the human body, the blood flow will become faster in the blood vessel; the second is that the blood vessel membrane will become thicker, the blood vessel cavity will become narrower, and the risk of thrombosis will increase. .
In addition to changes in the vascular membrane, many harmful substances carried by PM2.5, directly into the blood after inhalation, will directly damage the intima of the blood vessel, thereby thickening the vascular intima, causing stenosis, increasing blood pressure, etc., and increasing the thrombus. may. It even causes heart disease such as congestive heart failure and coronary artery disease.
In the haze days with high PM2.5 concentration, the sun is often blocked, the temperature is often low, some high blood pressure, coronary heart disease patients go from warm indoors to cold outside, the blood vessels expand and contract, and the blood pressure rises. high. The blood vessel wall of the elderly is very thin, and it is easy to cause stroke and myocardial infarction after the blood pressure is raised. In addition, upper respiratory tract infections caused by smog, pneumonia and other symptoms can easily induce heart failure in patients with heart disease, which can lead to shock or even death.
A previous US data study also confirmed the cardiovascular hazard of PM2.5. The study confirmed that for every 10 micrograms per cubic meter of PM2.5 daily increase, that is, for each 144 micrograms of PM2.5 inhalation (10 micrograms per cubic meter x 0.01 cubic meters x 60 minutes x 24 hours), the mortality rate of cardiopulmonary disease rises. 6% higher, lung cancer mortality increased by 8%.
3.Affecting fetal development caused by defects
A survey from northern Bohemia conducted a study of pregnant women exposed to high concentrations of PM2.5 and found that high concentrations of fine particulate contaminants may affect fetal development. PM2.5 is attached with many harmful substances such as heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which cause maternal blood toxicity, which may lead to intrauterine growth retardation and low birth weight, as well as congenital functional defects. Toxic substances can also pass through the placenta and directly poison the fetus. Premature infants, neonatal mortality, especially in early pregnancy.
An article published in the US Environmental Health Outlook magazine shows that researchers at the University of California analyzed the birth weight of more than 3 million newborns in 14 regions of nine countries and found that pregnant women living in areas with severe air pollution are prone to low birth weight ( Low birth weight infants refer to infants weighing less than 2.5 kg at birth). The higher the degree of airborne particle contamination, the higher the chance that a pregnant woman will give birth to a low birth weight. For every 10 micrograms per cubic meter of PM2.5 concentration, the birth weight of newborns is reduced by 8.9 grams, and the chance of becoming a low birth weight is increased by 3%.
Low birth weight is associated with a range of serious health problems, including postpartum imperfections, premature death, heart disease, affecting brain development, childhood asthma, and decreased lung function in adulthood.
4.Carcinogenic
Inhalation of excessive PM2.5 can lead to decreased lung function, triggering and aggravating asthma, rhinitis, chronic bronchitis, and severe lung sclerosis, toxic particles that remain in the alveoli, which will eventually affect our epithelial tissue and cause tumor suppressor genes. Inactivated, induced lung cancer.
On October 17, 2013, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) at the meeting in Lyon had identified the atmospheric pollutant PM2.5 as a primary carcinogen (a definition of one level: a carcinogen for humans). At this point, in addition to affecting cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, PM2.5 will increase the risk of lung cancer.
5.Hurt the skin
The skin is the largest organ in the body, communicating with the outside world through breathing. Because it is exposed to the air for the longest time and the largest area, there is a certain amount of damage when exposed to smog for a long time.
PM2.5 adsorbs harmful substances such as heavy metals and microorganisms. When these particles are stained on the skin, they will cause irritation to the skin and hinder the normal breathing and detoxification of the skin. Staying in the skin for a long time will clog the pores, and the skin will become dull and rough, causing skin conditions such as acne, acne, itching, and severe skin diseases such as dermatitis, eczema and urticaria. Therefore, the continuous smog weather for many days is also an important reason for the increase in the number of hospital dermatology clinics.
6.Triggering mental illness
Most people may have such experiences. They feel comfortable and energetic in sunny weather, while in the rainy weather they feel depressed and unable to do spiritual work.
The haze weather is low and the visibility is poor. It is easy to cause people to be lazy and depressed. The impurities in the air cause people to have difficulty breathing and chest tightness. These bad symptoms also affect mental health. The inconvenience of travel can cause people to suffer depression, psychological quality is poor, patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, physical disorders and suspected illnesses are prone to psychological problems. In addition, the lack of sun exposure in the haze days, the body’s happy hormone melatonin is contained, so people are prone to seasonal mood disorders and even induce depression.
Melatonin has an inhibitory effect on life activities, causing depression, lowering body temperature, slowing heartbeat, and lowering blood pressure. At this time, the brain and the body will enter the rest state and start the sleep mode. As the sun exposure time in the autumn and winter seasons is gradually shortened, the melatonin content in the human body increases, causing the concentration of excitatory transmitters in the body to decrease, the excitability to decrease, and causing a depressed emotional response. Therefore, patients with depression are prone to morbidity, and many people in the normal population will experience depression.
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Speaking of PM2.5, many people have conceptual errors, and PM2.5 is smog. Both are the same thing. But in fact, the two are not equal to the relationship, they should belong to the inclusion relationship. Then why is there such a misunderstanding? To understand the relationship between the two, we must first define two concepts:
What is PM2.5?
PM is an abbreviation for English Particulatematter particles, and 2.5 indicates the diameter of such particles. Particulate matter is generally divided into two categories: PM2.5 and PM10. PM2.5 refers to particles of less than or equal to 2.5 microns in diameter, which corresponds to 1/20 of the diameter of the hairline and have reached the critical value of the alveoli. The fine particles below PM2.5, the nose and throat of the human body can not stop, they can go down all the way into the bronchioles, alveoli, and then enter the capillaries through the alveolar wall, and then enter the entire blood circulation system. Injuries the human respiratory and cardiovascular systems.
PM10 is a particle with a diameter of less than or equal to 10 microns. The volume is 64 times that of PM2.5. The throat is the terminal station of PM10. The mucus secreted by the throat surface will stick to them. It can be discharged through spitting, so it is harmful to the human body. Not big.
What is smog?
Haze weather is a state of air pollution, and smog is a general expression of excessive levels of suspended particulate matter in the atmosphere. The smog we often say is actually a combination of fog and sputum, but the fog is fog, the sputum is sputum, and the difference between fog and scorpion is great. Simply put, the tiny water droplets in the air are fog, which is a liquid, while the cockroaches are solid. They are composed of tiny dust particles, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and inhalable particles in the air. It can make the air turbid and the visibility is reduced. The combination of the two is smog. The combination of the two, the metaphor of the image, is that the children play with mud, mix the sand and water together, and mix and dirty.
Relationship between the two
Many people will mix the two into a concept, and think that smog is PM2.5. In fact, PM2.5 is only one component of smog. The two are inclusive and not equal. The reason for this conceptual error is that PM2.5 particles are the main component of cockroaches, which is the most harmful to the human body and the ‘culprit’ of smog weather. Therefore, the key to managing smog is to solve PM2. .5 question. Therefore, many news or articles will use PM2.5 as a synonym for smog, causing a public error in concept.
PM2.5 promotes the formation of haze weather, and the haze weather can further aggravate the accumulation of PM2.5. In the haze, the humidity in the air is high, and the droplets provide a place for adsorption and reaction. The polluted gases such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the air will generate PM2.5 particles through atmospheric chemical reactions. The accumulation of PM2.5 also accelerates the fog. The generation of smog, the two interact.
Compared with coarser atmospheric particles, PM2.5 has a small particle size, large area, strong activity, and is easy to attach toxic and harmful substances (such as heavy metals, bacteria, etc.), which will promote the spread of disease and the residence time in the atmosphere. Long and long-distance transmission, it has a greater impact on human health and the quality of the atmospheric environment.
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I want to know why the air is particularly bad today?
Why is the concentration of PM2.5 today so much higher than usual? Why does the morning look foggy, and at noon the air is getting better? Why is there a continuous smog in the winter, but the summer is clear? Want to know which factors affect the concentration of PM2.5, you may find the answer from this article.
The main source of PM2.5 comes from human production and life. From the current pollution source results released by the provinces, coal, motor vehicle exhaust, industrial pollution, and dust are the main sources of PM2.5. In addition, other emissions such as straw and garbage burning, food fume, livestock and poultry farming, architectural coating and sea salt particles also contribute to PM2.5. In addition to pollution sources, meteorological and topographic conditions will also have an important impact on urban air quality.
Pollution source discharge
PM2.5 emissions are divided into primary and secondary sources. Primary pollution sources are mainly PM2.5 particles directly produced by fossil fuels (oil, coal, etc.), biomass fuels (straws, wood), and dust. The secondary pollution sources are mainly PM2.5 particles produced by fossils, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by biomass fuel combustion, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, hydrocarbons, nitrates, etc., which are combined with particles in the atmosphere through chemical reactions. .
For a certain area, the distribution of its pollution sources is generally fixed, and the pollutant discharge is relatively fixed, and there will be no obvious changes in a short period of time. However, with the change of seasons and changes in human production and life, the contribution of some pollution sources to PM2.5 will also fluctuate to varying degrees.
1.Heating coal during heating period
In winter, the concentration of local pollutants is high and the intensity is high. Especially in the northern regions, the temperature is low. Coal heating is used, coal consumption is significantly increased, and soot dust, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides are emitted in the inversion layer. It accumulates under the weather and forms a large amount of particulate matter through atmospheric reactions. This is also one of the important reasons for the high PM2.5 concentration in winter.
2.Increased vehicle exhaust emissions
Compared with summer, due to the lower temperature in winter, the gas pressure and temperature of the working cycle of the automobile engine are not high, the burning speed of the mixed gas is slowed down, or the low-speed operation of the traffic jam engine is encountered, the fuel combustion is insufficient, and the exhaust emissions of the vehicle are increased. As a result, emissions of PM2.5 and its precursors (sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, VOCs, etc.) increase. The peak of daily commute is also the period of highest PM2.5 concentration in one day.
3.Sandstorm
There is also a “contribution” of sandstorms in the PM2.5 concentration in the north. Although the main component of the sandstorm is PM10 particulate matter, it also contains a part of PM2.5. At the same time, strong wind blows a large amount of dust and dust on the ground and is caught in the air, combined with sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and other gases in the air. Accelerate the formation of secondary particulate matter PM2.5.
4.Straw burning
North China, Northeast Spring and Autumn, southwest, and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in summer and autumn are the harvesting period of crops. At this time, burning straw has become the biggest threat to air quality pollution. When the straw is incinerated, the atmospheric sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and PM2.5 index will reach a high peak, in which the concentration of sulfur dioxide is twice as high as usual, and the concentration of nitrogen dioxide and PM2.5 is three times higher than usual. These harmful particles are extremely easy to sink, and the local ground has a large humidity, and the water vapor is sufficient, and sinking to the ground forms a haze.
Straw burning is not the main source of air pollution. From the national level, it produces less than 5% of PM2.5. However, since the straw is concentrated and burned in one or two days, on the day when the pollution is the heaviest, the PM2.5 produced by straw burning may account for 30% and 40% of the PM2.5 in the air.
5.Food fume
Although food fume is not the main source of PM2.5, it certainly contributes to PM2.5, but the proportion is relatively small. Chinese people are used to cooking, frying, frying, roasting, etc., and it is easy to make a large number of soot aerosols. Even in many parts of China, the tradition of using coal and firewood to cook rice is still maintained. The resulting pollution emissions are indeed factors that cannot be underestimated in air pollution.
The impact of food fume on air pollution is more obvious in summer. According to statistics from the Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, cooking sources accounted for 15% to 20% of PM2.5 pollution sources in Beijing’s urban areas during the summer. Eating barbecue seems to have become part of the summer night life of the citizens. However, due to the lack of standardized management and exhaust equipment, the open-air barbecue is mostly charcoal. When cooking, it will release a lot of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and oil mist, and in the air. The dust combines to form PM2.5 particles.
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Recently, the ‘Online Interview’ program invited Wei Jianrong, director of the Environmental Health Center of Beijing CDC, and Wu Yanbing, a respiratory and critically ill medical doctor at Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, to answer the knowledge about the prevention and control of haze. Experts remind that in this weather, there is also smog in the room, and at least try to do strenuous exercise at home.
Wei Jianrong said: ‘The high degree of smog in the air does not necessarily mean the amount that we can breathe. Basically, the concentration of outdoor smog is much higher than that of indoors. But there will be smog in the room. We recommend smog. If there is less weather, you should try to do less vigorous activities at home. For example, in Beijing, 80%-90% of the time in the haze is indeed indoors, but the time and concentration are different in different rooms. The amount of smog that is inhaled into the body will be affected. We especially recommend that you try to go out as much as possible in the haze, and also do less activities that may increase the indoor haze, such as cooking and frying. It does increase the concentration of smog in the room. Also, do not do some activities with a large amount of exercise, which will increase the rate of breathing. Therefore, the amount of smog inhaled is related to the concentration on the one hand, and the other on the other. The amount is related. When the activity intensity is relatively large, the amount of breathing is relatively large, and the amount inhaled into the human body is relatively large. If the haze does not go out, everyone runs at home, or does some work. We don’t recommend the heavy work, so the amount of smog sucked into the human body will increase relatively.’
Wu Yanbing also said that there is indeed smog in the room: ‘In fact, the interior is definitely awkward. My personal experience, as long as a dish is cooked, our home air purifier will turn red. To remind everyone that it is not indoors. Smoking. In addition to air purifiers, green plants may have a certain effect on the toxic substances in the air. There is water, and now many places have decorations. In large hotels and restaurants, water curtains are often seen. Decoration, also has some adsorption on some hydrophilic airborne particles.’
Since it is not suitable for going out when there is fog, staying at home all day, do you need to open the window for ventilation? Wei Jianrong gave an answer to this question: ‘When it comes to window ventilation, many people are asking when to open the window for better ventilation. We have also done some research and found that except for winter, the other three seasons have similar effects, because the haze has A rising period and a climbing period are regular, but since we can’t see its inflection point, it is recommended to keep the window open during the smog, as long as the smog does not scatter, the value of the levitation is relatively high. In good weather, the best time to open the window is in the morning every morning, and it is no problem to open the window during the morning to 12 noon. Because everyone knows that the haze weather has come to close the window, then there is no smog. At that time, everyone must open the window in time to ventilate, otherwise those who enter the room during the smog will have the effect of staying, and will stay for one or two days, so it is recommended that everyone should open the window in time when the weather is good.’
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When PM2.5 is inhaled into the human body, it can easily cause diseases including asthma, bronchitis and cardiovascular diseases. The main source of PM2.5 production is the residue emitted by combustion during daily power generation, industrial production, and automobile exhaust emissions.
PM2.5 refers to particles in the atmosphere with a diameter less than or equal to 2.5 microns. Its diameter is less than 1/20 of the thickness of human hair. Medical experts believe that fine particles with a particle size below 2.5 microns are equivalent to human hair. The size of 1/10 is not easy to block. When PM2.5 is inhaled into the human body, it can easily cause diseases including asthma, bronchitis and cardiovascular diseases. The main source of PM2.5 production is the residue emitted by combustion during daily power generation, industrial production, and automobile exhaust emissions.
About 2.1 million people die every year from the increase in particulate matter such as PM2.5
It is reported that the 2012 Global Environment Outlook 5 published by the United Nations Environment Program pointed out that 700,000 people die each year from respiratory diseases caused by ozone, and nearly 2 million premature deaths are related to particulate pollution. The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) also published a research report saying that the average life expectancy of humans has been shortened by five and a half years because of air pollution.
According to a report released by the World Bank, the number of premature deaths caused by outdoor air pollution averages 1,000 per day, and between 35 and 400,000 people face death each year. Specifically, as early as 1997, the World Bank estimated that 50,000 Chinese people died prematurely because of air pollution. Overall, the report found that air pollution in China has reduced the life expectancy of urban residents by 18 years.
London poison fog incident
The toxic fog on December 5, 1952 was one of the most painful moments in London’s history. The poisonous fog caused at least 4,000 deaths. Countless Londoners had difficulty breathing, traffic was rampant for many days, and millions of people were affected. World Health Organization first identified PM2.5 carcinogenicity On October 17, 2013, the World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer issued a report that first identified air pollution as a cause of cancer in humans and regarded it as a universal and major environmental carcinogen. However, although air pollution has been proposed as a holistic carcinogen, its damage to the human body may be the result of the simultaneous action of several major contaminants it contains.
Injury organ
Long-term exposure to particles can cause cardiovascular and respiratory diseases as well as lung cancer. When the concentration of PM2.5 in the air is higher than 10 for a long time, it will bring about an increase in the risk of death. For every 10 increase in concentration, the total risk of death increased by 4%, the risk of death from cardiopulmonary disease increased by 6%, and the risk of death from lung cancer increased by 8%. In addition, PM2.5 is highly resistant to organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals, which significantly increase the risk of carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic.
Impact climate
It is generally believed that PM2.5 is only air pollution. In fact, the impact of PM2.5 on the overall climate may be even worse. PM2.5 can affect cloud formation and rainfall processes, indirectly affecting climate change. In addition to salt in seawater, fine particulate matter PM2.5 is also an important source of condensation in the atmosphere. Under some conditions, there are too many PM2.5s, which may “divide” water, so that the clouds in the sky will grow little, and the blue sky and white clouds will become less than before. Under some conditions, PM2.5 will increase the condensation of condensed nodules. The number of raindrops in the sky increases, and extreme rains may occur.
How to prevent PM2.5
1.Use a small particle size ionizer to intercept
Compared with large particle size negative ions, small particle size negative ions can be more fully combined with suspended particles such as PM2.5 in the air to change the physical properties of the floating dust, make them adhere to each other, and finally settle to the ground. Moreover, the small particle size negative ions have higher self-activity and longer migration distance, and the dust removal effect is more remarkable through irregular Brownian motion in the air.
2.Open the window when driving less
3.Do not smoke indoors
Experimental statistics
The PM2.5 value of 198 mg/cube before the cigarette was smoked. The value of a cigarette increased to 685 mg/cubic in one minute. The two cigarettes were 1394 mg/cubic, 90% of which were derived from the particles in second-hand cigarettes. .
4.Wash your face and bare skin
The oil will absorb fine particles in the air, including PM2.5, to clean the face and exposed skin indoors, which can prevent secondary pollution of PM2.5 indoors.
5.Do not open the window in the fog
Fog, a condensation of water suspended in the low ground near the ground, is often dissolved in sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and metals and organic compounds attached to the surface, especially PM2.5. In foggy weather, especially in ash weather, when PM2.5 concentration is relatively high, it is best to leave the door less and close the door and window.
6.Residents near the small hotel should open less window
When cooking, people may cough or have a sore throat. This is PM2.5 inhaled in soot and gas exhaust. Professor Yin Yan, Dean of Nanxin University’s School of Atmospheric Physics, said that some open-air barbecue stalls in Nanjing City, the smoke emitted by small restaurants have not been treated, and contain a large amount of PM2.5. In particular, residents in the vicinity should pay attention to opening windows as little as possible. .
7. Front-street households open less windows
The traffic volume in the morning and evening peaks is large, and the dust generated by the exhaust gas and the human action is superimposed, and the air pollution will be more serious. At this time, it is better to close the window.
8.Choose a good time to go out to exercise
9.Install the air purifier
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