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Be alert to indoor air pollution

Be alert to indoor air pollution

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When it comes to air pollution, many people pay attention to outdoor environmental pollution, and rarely pay attention to indoor air quality. The World Health Organization lists indoor air pollution as one of the top ten threats to human health. Some experts pointed out that the harm caused by indoor air pollution is even more important, because people spend more than 80% indoors.

△ Nearly half of the world’s people are in indoor air pollution

According to a survey by the US Environmental Protection Agency, the degree of air pollution in many buildings is several times that of outdoor. A World Health Organization data shows that nearly half of the world’s people are exposed to indoor air pollution, resulting in 22% of chronic lung disease and 15% of bronchitis and bronchitis. According to statistics, 24 million deaths worldwide each year are closely related to indoor pm2.5.

△ Indoor pm2.5 intake is 4 times outdoor

Almost all residential buildings and many commercial buildings do not have ventilation systems installed, and the buildings are poorly ventilated, which is an important cause of indoor pollution. In addition, although many decoration materials have no obvious odor, harmful substances such as formaldehyde, benzene and ammonia still exist. The China Indoor Environmental Monitoring Committee found that 72.2% of children’s rooms exceeded the standard by 1 to 8 times.

According to information released by indoor environmental protection agencies, indoor air pollution is mainly caused by indoor pollution caused by indoor decoration pollution, furniture pollution, kitchen fumes and outdoor heavy polluted air. The harmful substances mainly include formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia and Pm2.5 Respirable particulate matter, etc. Women and children are the greater victims of indoor air pollution, and indoor air pollution is associated with a greater degree of death from diseases such as ischemic heart disease, stroke, lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A survey of 10 departments in the relevant departments found that the incidence of asthma in children has continued to increase over the past 20 years, and the growth of asthma is closely related to indoor pollution.

The office and the bedroom, kitchen and living room in the home are the hardest hit areas for indoor air pollution. In addition to the common culprit of decoration pollution, these places also have different sources of pollution.

Office people are more polluted. Some compounds that are excreted by breathing, sweat, etc., coughing, sneezing, and other biological contaminants are serious. Office appliances can also cause indoor air pollution. Professor Lydia Moravska of the Queensland University of Technology in Australia found that the concentration of fine particles released by the printer is comparable to that of second-hand smoke. It can increase air pollution by a factor of five, causing respiratory diseases and causing heart disease and even heart disease. cancer.

Most of the pollution in the bedroom comes from bedding. The bedroom is mainly made up of dust on the bottom of the bed, carpet and air conditioner. When walking or shaking the quilt, it is easy to lift it into the lungs. Professor Cai Shaozhen, director of the Department of Respiratory Medicine at the Southern Hospital of Southern Medical University, said that the dust mites on the sputum and the dandruff from the body, if inhaled, may cause an allergic reaction.

The China Quality Miles Home Air Pollution Survey report shows that 70% of household pollution originates from the kitchen. A study by the University of Sheffield in the United Kingdom found that when cooking with gas, the amount of nitrogen dioxide in the kitchen was up to three times that of the outside world, and the dust concentration was higher than outside. In addition, the common open flame, the higher temperature, easy to accelerate the release of formaldehyde and other pollutants in the cabinet.

The living room has a wide range of pollutants. Smoke caused by smoking, pollen from flowers, hair from pets, bacteria carried, and dust brought back from outside can cause allergic reactions, respiratory diseases, and even cancer.

Compared with the smog in the outdoor air, the indoor pollution components are more complicated, and the respirable particles are from 0.01 micrometer to 10 micrometers, and contain various carcinogens, allergens and the like. Nowadays, it is widely known that smog hurts the lungs, and masks are usually worn when going out, but indoors, people don’t wear masks and expose themselves to pollution. Harmful gases such as formaldehyde in furniture and decoration materials can induce skin allergies and leukemia; the burning of gas in the kitchen and the pyrolysis of food can cause lung cancer. The Cancer Research Institute of Tongji University in Shanghai found that women who have been exposed to high-temperature soot for a long time have a 2 to 3 times higher risk of lung cancer. In indoor smoking, smoke contains more than 7,000 compounds, including 69 types of carcinogens and 172 harmful substances. Can cause lung cancer, heart disease, bronchitis and asthma.

The indoor space is small and the concentration of harmful substances is relatively high. The Shanghai CDC and Fudan University tests confirmed that the bacteria and molds in most household air conditioners exceeded the standard, even exceeding the central air conditioning of the mall by 50 times. Experiments have shown that smoking a cigarette in a confined space of 35 square meters produces a concentration of pm2.5 that is more than 30 times the normal value. Micro-particles from second-hand smoke account for about 90% of the total indoor pm2.5. As long as you can smell the smoke in the room, pm2.5 has already exceeded the standard by at least double. Professor Cai Shaowei reminded that the tiny particles produced by smoking will remain on clothes, walls, carpets, furniture and even hair and skin. A little activity or air circulation will rise back into the air.

The above-mentioned effects of indoor air pollutants on health are long-term and chronic. In the early stage, dry eyes, lethargy, memory loss, etc. may occur. Long-term exposure may cause sore throat, acute or chronic pharyngitis, allergic asthma, rash and the like. But unfortunately, many people are not aware of it and delay treatment.

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