Is the air pollution in the living city serious? Maybe some people are in a region where air pollution is not so severe, and the vigilance and harmful feelings about air pollution are not so strong, but in fact, air pollution is ubiquitous, and China’s reform is nearly four. Ten years later, China’s economic development has undergone earth-shaking changes, but at the same time it has inevitably brought about environmental pollution, including air pollution, water pollution, and living pollution. In the current, polluted environment, the use of air purifiers is imminent, not only outdoor air pollution, indoor air pollution is even more important to people. So what is the reason for using an air purifier?
First, the decoration room in addition to formaldehyde
If smog is still bullied by seasons, formaldehyde is relatively fair. Rural cities are treated equally, and winter and summer are not divided. As long as you decorate the house, formaldehyde must follow suit. In this year, who did not have one or two newly renovated houses?
The harm of formaldehyde, every enterprise that makes air purifiers are backward, but on the thorough purification, not every company understands.
Friends who have studied the air purifier know that most of the filter elements for purifying formaldehyde on the market are activated by activated carbon. This method is really effective, especially in the initial stages of purification. However, with the passage of time, the adsorption of activated carbon is gradually saturated, and the continued removal of formaldehyde appears to be incapable, and even if the temperature is high, the adsorbed formaldehyde is re-released, causing secondary pollution. The best way to not be hurt by the enemy is not to shut it up, but to be completely humane. The same is true for the elimination of secondary pollution of formaldehyde.
At present, there are few purifiers capable of implementing “humane extinction” of formaldehyde in the country. The cold catalytic agent of the Oulongdes air purifier decomposes formaldehyde technology and rapidly decomposes formaldehyde into carbon dioxide and water which are harmless to the human body under normal temperature and pressure. No secondary pollution.
Second, the outdoor atmospheric environment
As early as 2008, China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection announced that in the 519 cities in China that reported air quality data, only 21 cities reached the first level, accounting for only 4% of the total.
Third, to ensure healthy breathing
Two-thirds of a person’s life is spent indoors, and according to the survey, the indoor air pollution rate is 5-10 times that of outdoor, chemical pollutants such as second-hand smoke, formaldehyde, and helium contained in the room. , benzene series, ozone, and odor, indoor sanitary products may produce carbon dioxide, carbon tetrachloride, diphenyl, toluene, xylene and other toxic substances, which are very important to the human body. Long-term exposure to indoor air pollution can easily lead to various diseases such as respiratory diseases, lung cancer, and atherosclerosis.
The above three reasons tell you that it is not acceptable to not use an air purifier. The multi-layer filtration system of the air purifier can filter, adsorb and decompose the indoor air pollutant layer to achieve cleanliness of more than 99.97%.
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Is the car air purifier useful? How is the effect?
At present, the car has become the hardest hit area of air pollution. All kinds of dust, bacteria, and the smell of car decorations threaten our health. In recent years, car air purifiers have gradually entered our field of vision. Is the device useful? How is the effect?
For the air inside the car, the most unacceptable is the smell. This smell is not only unpleasant but it also affects our health. Many friends usually use the method of spraying perfume. In fact, perfume can only cover the unpleasant taste, and there is no mechanism for sterilization. Although opening the window can improve the air quality inside the car, but the air outside the car is often worse.
Many merchants have declared that the car air purification rate can reach 99% or more during the promotion. In fact, this is only to attract consumers. Although there are various experiments to prove this data, the only thing that can be proved is that Car air purifiers are indeed effective in improving the air quality inside the car. It’s just not as exaggerated as propaganda.
Car purifiers and ordinary household purifiers are a principle, and can also be divided into filter adsorption and negative ion purification functions, but the power is smaller, but the space inside the car is more than enough. Many times, due to the small space inside the car, the purification of the air will be faster.
The EHPA filter in the car purifier can effectively filter particles smaller than 0.3 microns, which has an obvious effect on some dust in the car and PM2.5 filtration. At the same time, it also has a layer of the activated carbon filter. In the car, formaldehyde and benzene and other harmful gases, the function of negative ions is to actively ionize and decompose harmful substances in the air, and the increase of negative ion content itself can improve the air quality, because negative ions are essential “vitamins” in the air.
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The harm of air pollution to the body and mind, needless to say, that everyone is also well aware. What’s more, in the relatively small, enclosed interior of the car, if the air quality is not good, the harm to the occupants, especially the elderly, children and pregnant women, will be even greater. Therefore, in the case that many automobile products do not formally screen and kill PM2.5, chemical pollutants and odor inside the vehicle, many car owners start to purchase and use the top 10 car air purifier by themselves. I hope to create a healthy and clean interior environment
The main principle of the top 10 car air purifier using negative ion technology is to use the electrostatic discharge to release negative ions and to absorb dust in the concentrated air, thereby reducing dust. At the same time, negative ions also ionize into oxygen in the air, which has a certain killing effect on bacteria. The advantage of this kind of product is that the production cost of the product is low. The disadvantage is that the effect of removing particulate matter is not obvious, and it does not work for chemical pollutants such as formaldehyde, benzene, toluene and volatile organic compounds commonly found in vehicles.
The working principle of the low-temperature plasma air purifier is that the gas is broken down by applying a voltage to the discharge voltage of the gas, and various low-oxidation low-temperature plasmas are generated, which can suspend the suspended particles and decompose the organic gas and smile. microorganism. It should be noted that such a purifier also has no effect on chemical pollutants, and the chemical reaction generated when the purifier works will cause secondary pollution, and if there are no corresponding treatment means, it will become a pollution source of the air inside the vehicle.
Photocatalyst technology is a free radical that emits strong oxidizing power under the irradiation of light and has a good effect on microorganisms and organic gases. The disadvantage is that the free radicals stay in the air for a short period of time, and the killing effect on viruses and bacteria is limited.
Therefore, Fu Shiwei’s air purifier uses 4 heavy filtration + ultimate decomposition to make air purification more thorough. The pre-treatment pre-filter quickly blocks large particles such as hair, dander, and dust. The imported HERA high-efficiency filter removes up to 98% of 0.3-2.5 micron particles, effectively blocking harmful substances such as PM2.5, allergens, and bacteria. The high-performance and powerful activated carbon net quickly adsorbs and decomposes toxic and harmful pollutants such as formaldehyde, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the air. Remove odors.
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“PM2.5, smog” are no strangers to our words. It is a serious threat to our health. Nowadays, air pollution is getting more and more serious. Whether you are outdoors or at home, we can’t avoid PM2. 5. According to statistics, 90% of a person’s life is spent indoors, so indoor air quality is very important for people’s health. We also thought about how to deal with this enemy. In fact, the easiest and most effective way is to buy a top-rated air purifier for home. However, most people don’t know much about household air purifiers. There are also a lot of air purifiers on the market. At the end, which brand has a good effect, let Xiaobian give you a brief introduction. (1) Working principle of household air purifier There are many pollutants in the air. The particles that float in the air like dust are called suspended particles. The particle size of the PM is different. Particles smaller than or equal to 2.5 microns are called PM2.5. The human respiratory filtration system, whether it is the hair of the nose or the lungs, can only block suspended particles above 5 microns, which is unstoppable below this volume. So how does the air purifier digest the impurities in the air for us? The air purifier is capable of adsorbing and decomposing pollutants in the air. The air purifier not only filters the dust in the gas but also purifies the toxic substances in the air and eliminates the floating bacteria in the air. So its effect is unquestionable. However, the current air purifiers on the market are divided into nets and no filters. Xiaobian suggested that it is recommended to buy no filter, because there will be secondary pollution caused by the filter, and the filter should be replaced regularly, invisible. Increased costs. (2) Which brand of air purifier is more suitable for you At present, there are many brands of air purifiers on the market, and the quality is also uneven. Which brand of air purifier is good? People often say that the top ten brands of air purifiers include: Philips, Sanyo, Midea, Gree, Panasonic, Sharp, Emmett, Yuanda, Honeywell, Yadu, etc. There is also a new top-rated HEPA air purifier product on the market. : Negative ion air purifier. At present, there are some merchants in China that manufacture air purifiers. Taiwan is also good. It has obtained 23 world patents. Compared with the family, this air purifier has no secondary pollution and no pollution. Secondary consumption. No motor is ultra-quiet, it is quite suitable for the elderly and children in the family. However, the price may be a little higher. Therefore, we should choose from the price, function, brand and after-sales service when purchasing the air purifier. If you don’t know enough about the air purifier, then you may wish to purchase the above-recommended air purifier brand, some domestic air purification. The brand price is still relatively high. The price difference of air purifiers is relatively large, ranging from a few hundred to several thousand. When purchasing, it is necessary to compare in many aspects. (three) air purifier purchase skills After introducing so much, I believe many people are ready to buy air purifiers. Is there any skill in this purchase process? Of course, there are: the first. According to the principle of the air purifier. The principle of air purifier mainly includes electrostatic purification mode, physical purification mode, chemical purification mode, negative ion purification mode, and composite purification mode. In general, negative ion air purifiers will work better. Second, purchase according to the room area. When choosing an air purifier, only scientific purification can better protect the health of the family. Generally speaking, a room of 20 square meters is suitable for air purifiers above 270ml/h, and a room of 40-50 square meters should be selected for 540ml. /hair purifier. Third, after-sales service is perfect Try to choose a big brand, one is quality guaranteed, and the other is maintenance. I believe that everyone knows about air purifiers now. What is the most important thing in the 21st century? “Health” is not healthy, you can’t do anything, so it’s especially important to buy a suitable air purifier for your family.
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Household air purifier, the circle inside teaches you how to choose!
An air purifier is a household and similar electrical appliance that has a separate air filtration system and has certain removal capabilities for particulate matter, gaseous pollutants, microorganisms, and the like in the air.
From the definition, we can see that purifying indoor air pollutants is the main function of air purifiers. These pollutants specifically refer to:
1
particulates
Particulate pollutants mainly include dust and pollen in the air.
Solid or liquid particulate matter suspended in the air (whether long-term or short-term) is called particulate contamination due to damage to biological and human health. There are many types of particulate matter, generally referring to dust particles, dust, mist, smoke, chemical fumes and soot between 0.1-75 μm. The hazard is characterized by the fact that the particle dust having a particle size of 1 μm or less is slowed down and the surface is large and far.
As we usually say, PM2.5 is a kind of particulate matter that can enter the lungs. Its diameter is less than 1/20 of the thickness of human hair. However, it has large particle area and strong activity, and it is easy to attach toxic and harmful substances (for example, heavy metals, microorganisms, etc., and have a long residence time in the atmosphere and a long transport distance, thus having a greater impact on human health and the quality of the atmospheric environment.
Many people don’t care about pollen. They think that pollen will not affect themselves. In fact, during the high pollen period, sneezing, runny nose, tears, stuffy nose, etc. are all manifestations of pollen allergy symptoms. It is not obvious and we are automatically ignored.
2
Gaseous pollutant
There are two main types of gaseous pollutants, one is the original pollutants discharged directly from the pollution source into the atmosphere, such as sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, and organic compounds; the other is through a series of chemical or photochemical New pollutants generated by the reaction, such as sulfuric acid fumes, photochemical smog, ozone, acetyl nitrate, ketones, aldehydes, and the like. At present, consumers and businesses pay more attention to formaldehyde.
Because the decoration materials are “not closed”, formaldehyde is the leader of indoor pollution, and it is also a unique pollution problem for Chinese families. Formaldehyde raw materials will be attached to the wardrobe, floor, and paint, and it is a long-term volatile process. At the same time, harmful pollutants such as formaldehyde and benzene are also high pollutants. The incidence of “acute leukemia” is mostly caused by the renovation of the family. It is a long-term hazard and a serious hazard. It is the most important characteristic of gaseous pollutants such as formaldehyde.
3
microorganism
Airborne microorganisms refer to microorganisms that are present in the air. Humans, animals and plants, and microorganisms in the soil can be dispersed in the air by droplets or dust, and exist in the form of aerosols. The aerosol is a colloidal dispersion in air composed of particles. The liquid particles are fog, and the solid particles are smoke. They can be suspended in the air for a long time so that the air contains certain kinds and amounts of microorganisms.
There are usually no pathogenic microorganisms in the air, and pathogenic microorganisms entering the air are generally easy to die. Only some of the more resistant pathogenic microorganisms can survive in the air for a period of time, such as Staphylococcus aureus, pneumococcus, streptococcus, tuberculosis. Bacillus, Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium tetanus, etc. These microorganisms exist and spread in the air in the form of aerosols, and healthy people or animals are often infected by inhalation.
2
What are the main purification technologies for air purifiers?
Commonly used air purification technologies include: adsorption technology, negative (positive) ion technology, catalytic technology, photocatalytic technology, superstructure photo mineralization technology, HEPA high efficiency filtration technology, electrostatic dust collection technology, etc.; material technology mainly includes: photocatalyst, activated carbon, Synthetic fiber, HEAP high-efficiency material, negative ion generator, etc. At present, the domestic air purifier products are the most widely used activated carbon, HEAP high-efficiency filter, electrostatic dust removal, and other purification technologies, other dust collection, coalescence, ultraviolet sterilization, negative ions, and other technologies are generally used as additional functions.
1
Activated carbon filter
Activated carbon is a porous carbonaceous material. Its developed void structure makes it have a large surface area, so it is easy to fully contact with toxic and harmful gases in the air. The strong adsorption field around the activated carbon pores will be toxic immediately. Gas molecules are sucked into the pores, so activated carbon has a strong adsorption capacity and is also the main technology for removing gaseous pollutants. Activated carbon adsorption technology is mainly divided into two categories: physical adsorption and chemical adsorption.
Physical adsorption is mainly for macromolecular organic gases (such as TVOC such as benzene) to adsorb these macromolecular contaminants through the microporous structure of activated carbon itself. Chemical adsorption is mainly for small molecular gaseous pollutants such as (formaldehyde, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides, etc.). Because small molecules are easily adsorbed and then re-opened to form secondary pollution, chemical treatment of activated carbon is required to The adsorbed gas reacts with the chemical components to achieve the adsorption effect.
2
HEPA filter
HEPA (High-Efficiency particulate air filter), which means high-efficiency air filter in Chinese, has an efficiency of 99.998% for 0.1 microns and 0.3 microns. The HEPA mesh is characterized by air passing through, but fine particles cannot pass. The particle removal efficiency of up to 99.7% for diameters up to 0.3 microns (1/200 of hair diameter) is the most effective filter for smoke, dust, and bacteria (the smoke particles are 0.5 microns in diameter).
The HEPA filter has the advantage of high efficiency and safety. It is the most important technology for removing particulate pollutants in the air, but the disadvantage is that it can only filter out suspended particles and microorganisms, and cannot filter gaseous pollutants.
3
Electrostatic precipitator
The electrostatic precipitator air purifier uses a high-voltage direct current electric field to ionize gas molecules in the air, generates a large amount of electrons and ions, moves to the two poles under the action of the electric field force, and encounters dust particles and bacteria in the airflow to make it charged during the moving process. Under the action of the electric field, the charged particles move to the opposite plate of their own charge. Under the action of the electric field, the free ions in the air move toward the two poles. The higher the voltage and the higher the electric field strength, the faster the ion movement speed. Due to the movement of the ions, a current is formed between the poles. In the beginning, there are fewer free ions in the air and less current. After the voltage rises to a certain value, the ions near the discharge electrode get higher energy and speed. When they hit the neutral atoms in the air, the neutral atoms will decompose into positive and negative ions. This phenomenon is called air ionization. After air ionization, due to the chain reaction, the number of ions moving between the poles is greatly increased, and the current between the poles (called corona current) increases sharply, the air becomes a conductor, and the high-strength voltage captures the accompanying bacterial particles, and the instantaneous conductive strike Wear the cell wall composed of protein to achieve the bacteria to remove dust.
3
Air purifier classification and advantages and disadvantages
The mainstream air purifier products on the market are mainly divided into the following two types:
1
Mechanical filter air purifier (passive)
Principle: The motor is driven to suck in dirty air. Through the filter screen, the particles in the air are adsorbed on the filter screen to discharge clean air. The common purification process combination is a primary filter, an activated carbon filter, a HEPA filter, a composite filter, and the like.
Advantages: high purification efficiency of particulate matter, high aldehyde removal, and optimization of air.
Disadvantages: The filter should be replaced regularly, otherwise it will become a source of indoor air pollution. The life of the filter is different. In the short 1-2 months, the price of the filter is very different. Due to its different materials and structures, the price ranges from several hundred yuan to thousands of yuan.
2
Electrostatic precipitator air purifier (active)
Principle: The particles in the air are charged by ionization and then adsorbed on a high-voltage static collecting plate in the purifier. The common purification process combination is a primary filter, an electrostatic dust removal net, an activated carbon filter, and the like.
Advantages: good sterilization and dust removal effect; static collection board can be washed with water, unlike HEPA filter can only be discarded and replaced, the maintenance cost is lower; because there is no fan, the noise will be small.
Disadvantages: Static electricity will produce ozone, and excessive ozone is also a serious hazard to the body; for formaldehyde and other gas pollutants, the treatment effect is very limited.
4
What are the national standards and technical requirements for air purifiers?
The air purifier is a very mature product, and it is also relatively sound in terms of national standards. There are mainly the following:
category
Standard version number
standard name
Safety
GB4706.45-2008
Safety of household and similar electrical appliances – Particular requirements for air purifiers
efficiency
GB36893-2018
Air purifier energy efficiency limit value and energy efficiency rating
Antibacterial, sterilization, purification
GB21551.3-2010
Antibacterial, sterilizing and purifying functions for household and similar electrical appliances. Special requirements for air purifiers
performance
GB/T18801-2015
air purifier
Through the combing of the air purifier standard system, we can see that the evaluation of an air purifier product mainly involves the following indicators:
1
Electrical Safety
Safety refers to the protection of the electrical, mechanical, thermal, fire and radiation hazards of the appliance. This is a basic requirement for electrical products.
2
CADR (clean air volume)
This refers to the volume of clean air output after filtering through unit time, in m3/h. The CADR values are different for different contaminants.
3
CCM (cumulative purification)
When the CADR value is reduced to 50%, the total weight of the purified pollutants is accumulated. The unit is mg.
4
Purification energy efficiency
Purification energy efficiency is an energy efficiency indicator, which indicates that the amount of clean air generated by the unit purifier of the top-rated HEPA air purifier at rated power is calculated by dividing the CADR value by the input power, and the unit is m3/(W ▪H).
5
Standby power
The standby power of the energy-saving purifier is not more than 2W.
6
Microbial removal
The rate of antibacterial (sterilization) is greater than or equal to 50%.
7
noise
The noise limit generated by the operation of the machine under the maximum CADR.
8
Hazardous substance release
Ozone, UV, TVOC, and PM10 should meet the requirements of the national standard.
Therefore, for the company to declare that the air purifier products meet the above requirements, especially those certified by third-party certification bodies, and the corresponding logos are added, consumers can purchase with confidence.
5
How to choose an air purifier?
1
Understand core technologies
Understand the corresponding technical characteristics and advantages and disadvantages of air purifiers, so that consumers can purchase products that suit their needs. Different purification process combinations have slightly different purification effects and are also related to the maintenance of after-sales equipment, filter replacement and clean.
2
Clear purchase requirements
In the face of a wide range of goods, consumers are easy to pick the eye, so on the basis of a basic understanding of the product, consumers should be clear about their own consumer demand, or pay attention to the price, or focus on the purification function, or with the decoration style Wait, the product selected after the purpose is more suitable for yourself.
For example, indoor particulate matter pollution is mainly focused on particulate matter, PM2.5 and other products with strong purification ability; indoor new decoration focuses on products with strong purification ability of volatile organic compounds such as formaldehyde and toluene; air purifiers used in bedrooms focus on noise Level, mute effect, etc.; high-voltage electrostatic precipitator products do not need to replace the filter, but may produce ozone, carefully selected for odor-sensitive consumers.
3
Matching area
The effective working area of the indoor air purifying device is preferably equal to the area of your environment. Otherwise, the area of the working area is too small to be ideal for purifying the environment. If it is too large, it will inevitably cause energy waste and sometimes even It will cause excessive accumulation of certain derivatives and affect indoor air quality. Therefore, the consumer selects the air purifier of the corresponding specification according to the room area used, and can refer to the following formula:
S=(0.07~0.12)Q
Where: S is the room area, the unit is m2;
Q is the amount of clean air (CADR value) for removing particulate matter in m3/h.
4
Attention to performance indicators
Each air purifier will have a nameplate that clearly states the technical parameters of the product and the national standards that are clearly indicated. For air purifiers of the same size, different parameters represent performance differences. For example, the national standard GB/T 18801-2015 divides the purification energy efficiency into high-efficiency and qualified grades. In the case of the same power consumption, the high-efficiency grade can output more clean air and can remove more formaldehyde. That is to say, the higher the energy efficiency level, the more electricity savings.
5
Pay attention to product experience
In addition to technical indicators, we should also consider whether the product design is user-friendly, the size of the noise and the operation is simple and convenient, noise. Some professional air purifiers have fully intelligent central control systems, such as intelligent real-time monitoring of temperature and humidity, automatic mode, intelligent timing, filter update smart tips, etc., as well as smart child lock design and intelligent power-off function, enabling consumers to Get more satisfying user experience.
6
Look for a certification mark
China Quality Certification Center (CQC) has launched a series of targeted certification projects for air purifier products. It is tested according to national standards, combined with the verification of product quality assurance and product consistency, and third-party certification. For the certified products that meet the standard requirements, the certification mark is attached to the market, which is convenient for consumers to purchase.
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Air quality is a health topic that Chinese people have been paying close attention to in recent years. With the increase of national environmental governance, China’s air quality has been improving year by year. However, many people are still willing to add a top 10 home air purifier. So, how much can a domestic air purifier improve indoor air quality?
How much is the advertisement really true?
Atmospheric particulate matter is the primary pollutant in most cities in China, and it is also the main cause of the large-scale haze weather in China in recent years.
The increase of fuel combustion in the heating period in the northern part of the country, coupled with the meteorological conditions in some periods is not conducive to the spread of particulate matter, resulting in frequent foggy weather in the northern cities of China in the north and south of Beijing represented by the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
Studies have shown that urban residents (especially middle-aged or chronically ill patients) spend more than 80% of their time indoors, and indoor air quality has a significant impact on their health. In the short-term failure to reduce the concentration of atmospheric particulate matter, the use of artificial air purification devices to reduce indoor particulate matter concentration is one of the effective means to reduce the health risks caused by particulate exposure.
Materials and Methods
1. Measurement object and time
The study initially recruited 21 residents from Haidian District, Beijing to cooperate with the study. A total of 15 homes were included after excluding non-natural ventilation, near construction sites, indoor smokers or pet houses.
The monitoring of all dwellings was completed from November 2015 to January 2016.
2. Main equipment
The air purifier is a household HEPA purifier with a filter particulate matter and a clean air output ratio ranging from 200 to 299. It is declared to be 31 to 40 m2 by the manufacturer.
A dust monitor (hereinafter referred to as “dust meter”) is used to simultaneously monitor the indoor and outdoor PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations.
A multi-channel particle detector (hereinafter referred to as “multi-channel instrument”) is used to monitor the concentration of particles of different particle sizes in the chamber before and after the operation of the purifier.
3. Monitoring method
The purifiers are placed in the living room, and the gears are opened to the mid-range, which is more than 3 m away from the sampling head of the indoor monitoring instrument. Within 3 hours after the purifier starts running, inform the tenants not to perform indoor cleaning and reduce walking. Residents do not open windows during the monitoring period and try to reduce the number of indoor cleaning.
The monitoring instrument was installed in the residential living room of the research object in an open position 1 m above the ground. In each residential room, two sets of dust meters were used to monitor the mass concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 in real-time; a multi-channel instrument was used to monitor the concentration and mass concentration of particles with different particle sizes.
At the same time, each household uses two sets of dust meters to monitor the outdoor PM2.5 and PM10 simultaneously. The switch time is the same as that of the indoor dust meter.
The concentration of indoor and outdoor particulate matter before and after the operation of the purifier was continuously monitored for 24 h for 48 h. Informed consent was signed from the residents of the surveyed home.
The indoor and outdoor particulate matter concentration ratio (I/O value) was used as a parameter to analyze the indoor particulate matter pollution level before and after the operation of the same residential purifier.
I/O value = Cin/Cout. Cin is the concentration of certain particle sizes in the room, and Cout is the corresponding outdoor concentration.
When analyzing the short-time purification efficiency of the purifier on the particulate matter, the I/O value is not sensitive enough, and the particle removal rate η is used for analysis. η=[(C0-C1)/C0]. Among them, C0 and C1 are the indoor particulate matter concentrations after the purifier starts running and after 2 to 3 hours of operation.
result
1. The overall purification effect of the purifier on indoor particulate matter (see Table 1)
After the purifier is running, the I/O value of PM2.5 shows a significant downward trend: among them, the decline of 6 households is above 70%, the decline of 2 households is 55%~60%, and the decline of 5 households is 20%~45%. The I/O value of PM2.5 after the operation of the purifiers of 2 households (7th and 13th households) is slightly higher than before the operation.
After the purifier was operated, the I/O value of PM10 of 6 households decreased by more than 70%, and the decline of 7 households was 14%~46%. The I/O value of PM10 after the 13th household purifier is running is the same as before the operation.
Table 1 Daily average mass concentration I/O value of particulate matter before and after purifier operation
2. Abnormal situation analysis
After the 7th household and the 13th household, the purifier was operated, the I/O value of PM2.5 increased, and the I/O value of the seventh household PM2.5 decreased by less than 20%, and the 13th household did not change.
The monitoring data of indoor and outdoor particulate matter concentration of the two households are shown (see Table 2): the mass concentration of outdoor PM2.5 and PM10 is higher at 24 h before the operation of the seventh household purifier, and the outdoor PM2.5 and PM10 mass concentration after 24 h operation. Very low; the mass concentration of outdoor PM2.5 and PM10 before the operation of the 13th household purifier was lower, and the mass concentration of PM2.5 and PM10 outside the 24h after the operation was significantly higher.
Table 2 Indoor and outdoor particulate matter mass concentration of the 7th and 13th households
3. Purifier’s short-term purification efficiency of indoor particulate matter
The PM2.5 purification rate at different points after the start of purification is shown in Figure 1. The trend of the remaining particle size purification rate curve is similar to that of PM2.5. With the increase of time, the average purification rate of PM2.5 can reach 60%~70% after about 150 minutes after the start of purification.
Table 3 PM2.5 average purification rate in a short time (<3h) after starting the purifier
discuss
In this study, the daily average values of PM2.5 and PM10 in the residential room after the purifier operation were all lower than 100 μg/m3.
After running the purifier, the I/O values of PM2.5 and PM10 in the room decreased significantly, but the I/O values of the 7th and 13th PM2.5s were opposite to the overall trend, and the I/O value of PM10 decreased less. Not even changed.
Further analysis found that when the seventh household was operating in the purifier, the mass concentration of outdoor particulate matter decreased significantly from the previous day, and the mass concentration permeating into the room plummeted. At this low mass concentration, the purifier has a small decrease in the mass concentration of the indoor particulate matter, and its I/O value is even higher than the I/O value formed by closing the door and window to block the penetration of the particulate matter into the room when the outdoor particulate matter concentration is high. The day before the 13th household purifier was operated, the outdoor particulate matter concentration was already quite low. Under the mass concentration, if the door and window of the household are closed, the outdoor particulate matter penetrates into the room less, and the I/O value of the particulate matter is lower than the I/O value after the purifier is purified.
It is concluded that the purification efficiency of the HEPA purifier is low at low concentrations compared to the high particulate concentration.
In the winter heating period, the HEPA air purifier is used as an intervention method to effectively reduce the exposure level of PM10, PM2.5 and smaller particle size in Beijing residents.
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Use habits to determine the effect of the air purifier
With the continuous deterioration of domestic air quality, air purifiers are increasingly becoming inseparable products in people’s daily lives. However, while people are keen to buy and use purifiers, the variety of purifier products on the market has claimed to be effective.
At present, various agencies and media in society have different evaluations of purifiers. Some have proposed that purifiers of less than 2,000 yuan have basically no effect, and some have proposed that the effect of purifiers of 600 yuan may exceed thousands of dollars. Recently, some people even proposed self-made. The purifiers are better than the purifiers that sell at a high price in the mall. For a time, people who are planning to buy purifiers are at a loss.
In fact, people often ask, “Which kind of purifier is good,” I am afraid there is no answer at the moment. Just as the cause of air pollution is quite complicated, it is almost impossible to restore the air through a piece of equipment.
The indoor air is very complicated. The purifier is not versatile.
Many consumers are concerned about whether the product can remove PM2.5 when purchasing an air purifier, but the indoor air composition is very complicated. Zhang Pengyi, a professor of environmental science at Tsinghua University, said in an interview with the media that in large rooms, especially large living rooms, in addition to commonly known solid particles such as PM2.5, volatile organic pollutants such as formaldehyde, benzene, and bacteria are also included. The virus and the oil smoke pollution we can’t think of, so simply filtering PM2.5 may not be able to say that the air in the home is very healthy. If you have just renovated your home or added new furniture for a few years, you may want to consider whether you need to remove formaldehyde when purchasing a purifier. If you often cook at home and the fumes are large, the purifier may also have to consider the problem of removing the fumes. Since people often use the purifier to close the doors and windows, this actually blocks the outward diffusion of other indoor polluting gases, so the more you use the purifier, the more attention should be paid to other pollution.
The national standard of the product only determines the “bottom line” of the purifier.
In September 2015, China announced the new national standard for air purifiers. Compared with the 2008 version of the standard, the newly revised national standard for air purifiers clearly emphasizes the clean air volume (CADR) and cumulative purification (CCM) indicators. The amount of clean air is the CADR value, which is used to measure the purifying capacity of the air purifier. The cumulative purifying amount refers to the total amount of pollutants removed during the working process of the air purifier, and the amount of clean air is reduced to half of the initial value. The life angle measures the performance of the air purifier.
It is understood that because different purifiers work differently, some filter the particulate matter through air filtration, and some absorb impurities by ionization adsorption. However, due to the complex causes of haze and the complex composition of indoor air, which method is used? It’s not healthy to say it. Therefore, the national standard of the purifier is only measured for certain aspects of the purifier and should be regarded as the bottom line of the purifier product.
It should be noted that people have different habits of purifiers, some are open 24 hours a day, some are used at some time, and some are opened when the air is not good. In fact, different ways of using also determine the different use effects, and even the difference in the effect of different ways of use may exceed the difference caused by different product purification principles.
Purification ability is also related to the way of use
Many people pay the most attention to the purification ability when purchasing a purifier. In fact, some non-core indicators of the purifier also determine the final use effect. For example, the noise during use is often an indicator that people don’t pay much attention to, but it actually determines whether the purifier can be used during sleep. Generally speaking, the “demand” for air quality during sleep is the biggest. It should be the most useful when the purifier is used. However, many purifiers are currently used with a loud noise, especially when the air volume is high. Many families are When sleeping, the purifier is often adjusted to “middle block” or “low block”. But in fact, the air volume of the purifier determines its ability to change the air, that is, whether it can effectively purify the air in the entire room. If the whole house cycle cannot be achieved, the air purification effect is greatly reduced.
In addition, the size of the air purifier is suitable for its own living room, and the placement of the purifier largely determines the purification effect. The purifier works by allowing the air in the entire living room to flow and ensuring that the air in each corner can pass through the purifier. Therefore, the placement of most purifiers is exquisite. The room where the family activities are more frequent during the day has a living room, a study room, etc., so it is recommended to place the top-rated HEPA air purifier in these rooms during the day to protect the family. In the evening, the family will spend the night in the bedroom. At this time, we recommend placing the air purifier in the bedroom to protect the family from harmful gases at night.
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