What is the working principle of the water purifier?
Now, water purifiers have become a must-have for many families. Despite this, many people are ignorant of the “when the home water purifier structure and principle?”, they do not know whether the household water purifier can achieve the purification effect, only know that the water purifier is very important, in the end, the water purifier can really reach The purpose of clean water? What water purifier is better?
The water purifier is also called a water purifier and a water purifier. It is a water treatment equipment that performs deep filtration and purification treatment on water quality according to the requirements for the use of water. The water purifiers usually mentioned are generally used as small water purification equipment for household use, in addition to water purification equipment that requires water sources, and water purification equipment (air-water machines) that do not require water sources. But no matter what, most of their technical cores are inseparable from the filter membrane in the filter unit.
General RO water purifier structure and principle
What is the principle of water purifier? Can you really achieve the purpose of clean water?
What is the working principle of the water purifier? With the further understanding of water purifiers and the emergence of such questions, it also shows that the industry has been recognized by most consumers.
At present, most of the water purifiers on the market adopt a progressive structure of the screen-screening principle, which uses both pressure differences for filtration. Like a screen that screens sand, larger than the screen will be trapped. Less than the screen will pass through. There is no difference between the water quality and the material of the net. The main difference lies in the size of the mesh. The size of the mesh determines what is filtered. It is popular to use a variety of filter materials to intercept harmful components of the water, clean water, harmful components are discharged through the cleaning filter.
Speaking of this, you should be clear! That’s right, the principle of the water purifier is to filter out impurities in the water through layer-by-layer filtering hardware. Any water purifier is nothing but the outer shell. The inner filter membrane is basically so much on the market. Kind:
Quartz sand layer — stainless steel strainer — PPF cotton — ordinary activated carbon — coconut shell activated carbon — ceramic filter — winding filter — titanium core — folding filter — hollow fiber — nanofiltration — RO membrane
The more backward, the better the effect, RO membrane filtration is currently the best terminal filtering method, generally the last layer.
Second, the principle of several common water purification technologies of the water purifier principle: microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), reverse osmosis (RO)
Understand the principle of water purifier, we all know that the water purifier is to purify the water layer by various filter elements to achieve the purpose of removing impurities. The filter element of the water purifier mainly includes a granular activated carbon filter element, a reverse osmosis filter element and a rear activated carbon filter. The filter element with good material can remove impurities such as sediment, rust, bacteria and suspended solids in the water, remove the odor in the water, and remove metal ions and radioactive substances such as calcium and magnesium in the water to completely purify and soften the water. Filters with poor material quality are very general. The water purification effect of the water purifier depends on the quality of the water purifier itself.
Common membrane technologies include microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis. There are few applications for electrical analysis. Water purifiers sold in the market, except for emergency water purification equipment (such as life pipettes) and filter water bottles, almost all use membrane treatment, microfiltration, and ultrafiltration are filtration technologies, and nanofiltration and reverse osmosis are desalination technologies.
Microfiltration principle
Microfiltration, also known as microfiltration, is a porous membrane (microporous membrane) as a filter medium, under the pressure of 0.1~0.3MPa, intercepting the gravel, silt, clay and other particles in the solution and Giardia, concealed Sub-insects, algae and some bacteria, etc., while a large number of solvents, small molecules and a small number of macromolecular solutes can pass through the membrane separation process.
Ultrafiltration principle
Ultrafiltration is a new technology of hollow fiber filtration, combined with three-stage pretreatment filtration to remove impurities in tap water; ultrafiltration micropores less than 0.01 microns, can completely filter out harmful substances such as bacteria, rust, colloids in water, and retain the original traces in water Elements and minerals.
Nanofiltration principle
Nanofiltration is a pressure-driven membrane separation process between reverse osmosis and ultrafiltration. The nanofiltration membrane has a pore size ranging from a few nanometers. It is used to make substances with relatively small molecular mass, such as inorganic salts or glucose. Small organic molecules such as sucrose are separated from the solvent.
Reverse osmosis principle
Reverse Osmosis (RO), a reverse migration movement of permeation, is a separation method that separates the solute in the solution from the solvent by means of selective sequestration of the semipermeable membrane under pressure. It can effectively remove impurities such as dissolved salts, colloids, bacteria, viruses, bacterial endotoxins and most organic substances in water.
Third, the principle of water purifier is divided according to the filter
Can be divided into single machine filtration, two-stage filtration, three-stage filtration, four-level filtration, five-level and above five-level filtration.
To put it simply, the water purifier filters out various impurities in the water through layer-by-layer filtration hardware to produce cleaner water. Therefore, according to the filter, water purifier can be divided into the following levels:
Single-stage filtration
Using 1μm or 5μm PP cotton fiber filter + UDF coconut shell granular activated carbon filter, can remove more than 5μm float and particulate matter in water, clarify water source, activated carbon adsorption can effectively absorb water odor, residual chlorine in water, improve water The taste. Only suitable for high-quality drinking water sources. Generally, the tap water source cannot be drunk after being filtered.
Two-stage filtration
Use 1μm or 5μm PP cotton polypropylene fiber filter to remove more than 5μm float and particle material in water, and clarify the water source; use 5μmCTO pressure sticking activated carbon filter to effectively absorb the odor in water, partially remove organic and inorganic impurities, and effectively adsorb water Residual chlorine, improve the taste of water, only adapt to the quality of drinking water. Better than single-stage filtration. Generally, the tap water source cannot be drunk after being filtered.
Tertiary filtration
Use 5μm PPF polypropylene fiber filter to remove more than 5μm float and particle material in water, and clarify the water source; use 5μmCTO pressure-bonded rod-shaped activated carbon filter to effectively absorb the odor in water, partially remove organic and inorganic impurities, and effectively adsorb residual chlorine in the water. To improve the taste of water; use 0.1μm CF whole diatom microporous ceramic filter.
Four-level filtration
0.5μm CF whole diatom microporous ceramic filter can remove rust, red worm and float and particle materials in water more than 0.5μm, clarify the water source; use 5μmCTO pressure stick activated carbon filter to effectively absorb the odor in water, partially remove organic , inorganic impurities, can effectively adsorb residual chlorine in water, improve the taste of water; with 0.1μm CF whole diatom microporous ceramic filter: can remove more than 0.1μm water in Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aergisa and mold Pathogen; PPF polypropylene fiber + UDF coconut shell granular activated carbon double-stage filter can remove the odor of water, so that the purified water has the taste of sweet and fresh water. Adapted to the general tap water source, combined with the pre-treatment process, the treated water reached CJ94-1999.
The purified water of drinking water quality standard can be directly eaten, which is better than the three-stage filter.
Level 5 and above
With the development of technology, there has even been a level 10 or higher filter.
1, three-stage air filtration
1.1, coarse filter layer: intercept large impurities, such as hair fibers;
1.2, HEPA high-efficiency filter layer: intercept impurities greater than 5 microns, such as pollen, smoke, particles, etc.;
1.3, activated carbon + modified molecular sieve: adsorption of heterochromatic odor, ammonia, phenol, formaldehyde, and other harmful gases.
2, four water filtration
2.1, PP + carbon rod can effectively filter colloids in water, heterochromatic odor;
2.2, RO membrane filtration accuracy can reach 0.001 ~ 0.0001μm, effectively intercept bacteria, heavy metals, etc. in the water;
2.3, UF+C further filters E. coli in water, reduces the total number of colonies, and adsorbs residual organic matter in water;
2.4, ion exchange resin can remove calcium and magnesium ions in water, soften water quality.
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